#### Beyond Linux® From Scratch (systemd Edition) - Version 10.1

### Chapter 30. KDE Frameworks 5

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# KDE Frameworks 5 Pre-installation Configuration

KF5 can be installed in `/usr` or `/opt/kf5`. The BLFS editors recommend the latter in the BLFS environment.

## Installing in /usr

One option is to install KDE Frameworks 5 into the `/usr` hierarchy. This creates a simpler setup but makes it more difficult to try multiple versions of KDE Frameworks.

    export KF5_PREFIX=/usr

It is a good idea to add the following variables to your system or personal profiles:

    cat >> /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh << "EOF"
    # Begin kf5 extension for /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh

    pathappend /usr/lib/qt5/plugins    QT_PLUGIN_PATH
    pathappend $QT5DIR/lib/plugins     QT_PLUGIN_PATH

    pathappend /usr/lib/qt5/qml        QML2_IMPORT_PATH
    pathappend $QT5DIR/lib/qml         QML2_IMPORT_PATH

    # End extension for /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh
    EOF

    cat > /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh << "EOF"
    # Begin /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh

    export KF5_PREFIX=/usr

    # End /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh
    EOF

### Note

If qt5 was installed in `/usr`, the `$QT5DIR/lib/` portions of the above paths may need to be changed to `$QT5DIR/lib/qt5/`.

Additionally, if Sudo-1.9.5p2 is installed, these variables should be available to the super user. Execute the following commands as the `root` user:

    cat >> /etc/sudoers.d/qt << "EOF"
    Defaults env_keep += QT_PLUGIN_PATH
    Defaults env_keep += QML2_IMPORT_PATH
    EOF

    cat >> /etc/sudoers.d/kde << "EOF"
    Defaults env_keep += KF5_PREFIX
    EOF

## Installing in /opt

A method of building multiple versions installs KDE Frameworks 5 in the `/opt` hierarchy:

    export KF5_PREFIX=/opt/kf5

If you are not installing KDE Frameworks 5 in `/usr`, you will need to make some additional configuration changes. Best practice is to add those to your system or personal profile:

    cat > /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh << "EOF"
    # Begin /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh

    export KF5_PREFIX=/opt/kf5

    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/bin              PATH
    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/pkgconfig    PKG_CONFIG_PATH

    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/etc/xdg          XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/share            XDG_DATA_DIRS

    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/plugins      QT_PLUGIN_PATH
    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/plugins/kcms QT_PLUGIN_PATH

    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/qml          QML2_IMPORT_PATH

    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/lib/python3.9/site-packages PYTHONPATH

    pathappend $KF5_PREFIX/share/man        MANPATH
    # End /etc/profile.d/kf5.sh
    EOF

    cat >> /etc/profile.d/qt5.sh << "EOF"
    # Begin Qt5 changes for KF5

    pathappend $QT5DIR/plugins             QT_PLUGIN_PATH
    pathappend $QT5DIR/qml                 QML2_IMPORT_PATH

    # End Qt5 changes for KF5
    EOF

Expand your `/etc/ld.so.conf` file:

    cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
    # Begin KF5 addition

    /opt/kf5/lib

    # End KF5 addition
    EOF

Several KDE Frameworks 5 and KDE Plasma 5 packages install files into D-Bus and systemd directories. When installing KDE 5 in a location other than `/usr`, D-Bus and systemd need to be able to find these files. The easiest way to achieve this is to create the following symlinks (as the `root` user):

    install -v -dm755          $KF5_PREFIX/{etc,share} &&
    ln -sfv /etc/dbus-1        $KF5_PREFIX/etc         &&
    ln -sfv /usr/share/dbus-1  $KF5_PREFIX/share       &&
    install -v -dm755          $KF5_PREFIX/lib         &&
    ln -sfv /usr/lib/systemd   $KF5_PREFIX/lib

Some packages may also install icons from the "hicolor" icon set. Since that icon set is used by many packages, it is a good idea to create a symlink to the one in `/usr/share` to avoid having multiple installations of hicolor-icon-theme-0.17. Run the following commands as the `root` user:

    install -v -dm755                $KF5_PREFIX/share/icons &&
    ln -sfv /usr/share/icons/hicolor $KF5_PREFIX/share/icons

### Tip

Sometimes, the installation paths are hardcoded into installed files. This is the reason why `/opt/kf5` is used as installation prefix instead of `/opt/kf5-5.79.0`. After installing KDE Frameworks, you may rename the directory and create a symlink:

    mv /opt/kf5{,-5.79.0}
    ln -sfv kf5-5.79.0 /opt/kf5

Later on, you may want to install other versions of KDE Frameworks 5. To do that, just remove the symlink and use `/opt/kf5` as the prefix again. Which version of KDE Frameworks 5 you use depends only on where the symlink points. No other reconfiguration will be needed.

Last updated on 2021-02-24 06:51:33 -0800

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