#### Beyond Linux® From Scratch (systemd Edition) - Version 11.1

### Chapter 24. Graphical Environments

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# Xorg Applications

## Introduction to Xorg Applications

The Xorg applications provide the expected applications available in previous X Window implementations.

This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-11.1 platform.

### Package Information

- Download (HTTP): https://www.x.org/pub/individual/app/

- Download (FTP): ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/individual/app/

- Download size: 4.9 MB

- Estimated disk space required: 48 MB

- Estimated build time: 1.5 SBU (ignoring the time to download)

### Xorg Applications Dependencies

#### Required

libpng-1.6.37, Mesa-21.3.6, xbitmaps-1.1.2, and xcb-util-0.4.0

#### Optional

Linux-PAM-1.5.2 and both cairo-5c and Nickle (only if you wish to try to run the undocumented xkeyhost script).

User Notes: https://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/Xorg7Applications

## Downloading Xorg Applications

First, create a list of files to be downloaded. This file will also be used to verify the integrity of the downloads when complete:

    cat > app-7.md5 << "EOF"
    3b9b79fa0f9928161f4bad94273de7ae  iceauth-1.0.8.tar.bz2
    c4a3664e08e5a47c120ff9263ee2f20c  luit-1.1.1.tar.bz2
    215940de158b1a3d8b3f8b442c606e2f  mkfontscale-1.2.1.tar.bz2
    92be564d4be7d8aa7b5024057b715210  sessreg-1.1.2.tar.bz2
    93e736c98fb75856ee8227a0c49a128d  setxkbmap-1.3.2.tar.bz2
    3a93d9f0859de5d8b65a68a125d48f6a  smproxy-1.0.6.tar.bz2
    e96b56756990c56c24d2d02c2964456b  x11perf-1.6.1.tar.bz2
    325c2321d159d5b93490700960005037  xauth-1.1.1.tar.bz2
    5b6405973db69c0443be2fba8e1a8ab7  xbacklight-1.2.3.tar.bz2
    9956d751ea3ae4538c3ebd07f70736a0  xcmsdb-1.0.5.tar.bz2
    25cc7ca1ce5dcbb61c2b471c55e686b5  xcursorgen-1.0.7.tar.bz2
    8809037bd48599af55dad81c508b6b39  xdpyinfo-1.3.2.tar.bz2
    480e63cd365f03eb2515a6527d5f4ca6  xdriinfo-1.0.6.tar.bz2
    e1d7dc1afd3ddb8fab16d6a76f21a258  xev-1.2.4.tar.bz2
    90b4305157c2b966d5180e2ee61262be  xgamma-1.0.6.tar.bz2
    a48c72954ae6665e0616f6653636da8c  xhost-1.0.8.tar.bz2
    ac6b7432726008b2f50eba82b0e2dbe4  xinput-1.6.3.tar.bz2
    c45e9f7971a58b8f0faf10f6d8f298c0  xkbcomp-1.4.5.tar.bz2
    c747faf1f78f5a5962419f8bdd066501  xkbevd-1.1.4.tar.bz2
    502b14843f610af977dffc6cbf2102d5  xkbutils-1.0.4.tar.bz2
    938177e4472c346cf031c1aefd8934fc  xkill-1.0.5.tar.bz2
    61671fee12535347db24ec3a715032a7  xlsatoms-1.1.3.tar.bz2
    4fa92377e0ddc137cd226a7a87b6b29a  xlsclients-1.1.4.tar.bz2
    e50ffae17eeb3943079620cb78f5ce0b  xmessage-1.0.5.tar.bz2
    51f1d30a525e9903280ffeea2744b1f6  xmodmap-1.0.10.tar.bz2
    eaac255076ea351fd08d76025788d9f9  xpr-1.0.5.tar.bz2
    2358e29133d183ff67d4ef8afd70b9d2  xprop-1.2.5.tar.bz2
    fe40f7a4fd39dd3a02248d3e0b1972e4  xrandr-1.5.1.tar.xz
    85f04a810e2fb6b41ab872b421dce1b1  xrdb-1.2.1.tar.bz2
    c56fa4adbeed1ee5173f464a4c4a61a6  xrefresh-1.0.6.tar.bz2
    70ea7bc7bacf1a124b1692605883f620  xset-1.2.4.tar.bz2
    5fe769c8777a6e873ed1305e4ce2c353  xsetroot-1.1.2.tar.bz2
    b13afec137b9b331814a9824ab03ec80  xvinfo-1.1.4.tar.bz2
    f783a209f2e3fa13253cedb65eaf9cdb  xwd-1.0.8.tar.bz2
    26d46f7ef0588d3392da3ad5802be420  xwininfo-1.1.5.tar.bz2
    79972093bb0766fcd0223b2bd6d11932  xwud-1.0.5.tar.bz2
    EOF

To download the needed files using wget, use the following commands:

    mkdir app &&
    cd app &&
    grep -v '^#' ../app-7.md5 | awk '{print $2}' | wget -i- -c \
        -B https://www.x.org/pub/individual/app/ &&
    md5sum -c ../app-7.md5

## Installation of Xorg Applications

### Note

When installing multiple packages in a script, the installation needs to be done as the root user. There are three general options that can be used to do this:

1. Run the entire script as the root user (not recommended).

2. Use the sudo command from the Sudo-1.9.9 package.

3. Use su -c "command arguments" (quotes required) which will ask for the root password for every iteration of the loop.

One way to handle this situation is to create a short bash function that automatically selects the appropriate method. Once the command is set in the environment, it does not need to be set again.

    as_root()
    {
      if   [ $EUID = 0 ];        then $*
      elif [ -x /usr/bin/sudo ]; then sudo $*
      else                            su -c \\"$*\\"
      fi
    }

    export -f as_root

First, start a subshell that will exit on error:

    bash -e

Install all of the packages by running the following commands:

    for package in $(grep -v '^#' ../app-7.md5 | awk '{print $2}')
    do
      packagedir=${package%.tar.?z*}
      tar -xf $package
      pushd $packagedir
         case $packagedir in
           luit-[0-9]* )
             sed -i -e "/D_XOPEN/s/5/6/" configure
           ;;
         esac

         ./configure $XORG_CONFIG
         make
         as_root make install
      popd
      rm -rf $packagedir
    done

Finally, exit the shell that was started earlier:

    exit

Unless you installed the optional dependencies, remove an undocumented script which is reported to be broken (xkeystone provided by the xrandr package).

    as_root rm -f $XORG_PREFIX/bin/xkeystone

## Contents

Installed Programs: iceauth, luit, mkfontdir, mkfontscale, sessreg, setxkbmap, smproxy, x11perf, x11perfcomp, xauth, xbacklight, xcmsdb, xcursorgen, xdpr, xdpyinfo, xdriinfo, xev, xgamma, xhost, xinput, xkbbell, xkbcomp, xkbevd, xkbvleds, xkbwatch, xkill, xlsatoms, xlsclients, xmessage, xmodmap, xpr, xprop, xrandr, xrdb, xrefresh, xset, xsetroot, xvinfo, xwd, xwininfo, and xwud
Installed Libraries: None
Installed Directories: None

### Short Descriptions

iceauth | is the ICE authority file utility
luit | provides locale and ISO 2022 support for Unicode terminals
mkfontdir | creates an index of X font files in a directory
mkfontscale | creates an index of scalable font files for X
sessreg | manages utmp/wtmp entries for non-init clients
setxkbmap | sets the keyboard using the X Keyboard Extension
smproxy | is the Session Manager Proxy
x11perf | is an X11 server performance test program
x11perfcomp | is an X11 server performance comparison program
xauth | is the X authority file utility
xbacklight | adjusts backlight brightness using RandR extension
xcmsdb | is the Device Color Characterization utility for the X Color Management System
xcursorgen | creates an X cursor file from a collection of PNG images
xdpr | dumps an X window directly to a printer
xdpyinfo | is a display information utility for X
xdriinfo | queries configuration information of DRI drivers
xev | prints contents of X events
xgamma | alters a monitor's gamma correction through the X server
xhost | is a server access control program for X
xinput | is a utility to configure and test X input devices
xkbbell | is an XKB utility program that raises a bell event
xkbcomp | compiles an XKB keyboard description
xkbevd | is the XKB event daemon
xkbvleds | shows the XKB status of keyboard LEDs
xkbwatch | monitors modifier keys and LEDs
xkill | kills a client by its X resource
xlsatoms | lists interned atoms defined on the server
xlsclients | lists client applications running on a display
xmessage | displays a message or query in a window
xmodmap | is a utility for modifying keymaps and pointer button mappings in X
xpr | prints an X window dump
xprop | is a property displayer for X
xrandr | is a primitive command line interface to RandR extension
xrdb | is the X server resource database utility
xrefresh | refreshes all or part of an X screen
xset | is the user preference utility for X
xsetroot | is the root window parameter setting utility for X
xvinfo | prints out X-Video extension adaptor information
xwd | dumps an image of an X window
xwininfo | is a window information utility for X
xwud | is an image displayer for X

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